Rising global temperatures are reshaping aquaculture, threatening both production and food security. Effective adaptation strategies are now critical to safeguard fish farming and sustain global nutrition.
Climate change is rapidly transforming aquaculture environments worldwide. Since the 1800s, global temperatures have increased by 1°C, with a projected rise of 1.5°C by 2052, causing shifts in marine species’ habitats and increasing extinction risks for those in freshwater and Arctic regions. For the aquaculture sector—vital for food security, nutrition, and international trade—these changes translate into reduced oxygen levels, hypoxia in freshwater ponds, and potential mass mortality events. The severity of these risks varies by location, production system, and scale of operation, with small-scale farmers particularly vulnerable.
To address these challenges, the FAO’s Aqua-Adapt framework outlines a six-step strategy for climate adaptation, emphasizing risk assessment, strategic planning, and coordinated implementation. Success relies on governance structures, stakeholder engagement, and equitable access to resources such as funding, technology, and expertise. By prioritizing resilience and proactive adaptation, aquaculture can continue to meet global food demands while mitigating climate impacts.
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